Sandmayer Reactions , mechamism , example , uses

                       Sandmayer reaction

-Table of contents

: History

: About reaction

: Mechanism

:Uses

: Frenquely asked questions

: Example

-History

Traugott sandmayer ( swiss scientist ) discovered sandmayer  reaction in 1884 

during experiment to synthesize polyacetylene from benzene diazonium chloride and cuprous acetylide.

The product was phenylchloride of the Mr.sandmayer's reaction.

Reactant -aromatic amine

product  - arylhalide

Intermediate- nitrosamine

Reaction type - Radical nucleophilic aromatic substitution

Sandmayer reaction is the substitution reaction of an aromatic amino group.This substitution will be via nucleophile, proceed under Cooper catalysis.

Sanmayer reaction is used in the production of aryl halide.

It is used to transformation on benzene ( hydroxylation,trifluoromethylation,cynation, and halogenation )

-Mechanism

1.Formation of nitrosonium ion

2.Benzenediazonium formation 

Formation of nitrosonium ion

-at first we take sodium nitrate and acid 

-then water is removed in reaction

-nitrosonium ion reacts as an electrophile and it is reacted with an heterocyclic amine to form diazonium salt.

Benzenediazonium ion formation

-amine and nitrosonium ions will make benzenediazonium ion.

Uses:

-one important use is formation of an aryl halide

-It is used as synthesis of chloroform,iodoform etc.

Frenquely asked questions:

1.what type of sandmayer reaction?

 Ans: substitution reaction

2. Difference between sandmayer and gattarman reaction !

 Ans: In sandmayer reaction reactant is CuCl in HCl but in gattarman reaction reactant is CuCl or CuBr in chlorobenzene.

3.What is importance of sandmayer reaction?

 Ans: sandmayer reaction is important for transformation of benzene.

4.what is use of CuCl in sandmayer reaction ?

 Ans: It is react like nucleophile.

Example:

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